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<P id=article-info>Originally published in <EM>Science</EM> Express on 25
February 2010<BR><EM>Science</EM> 19 March 2010:<BR>Vol. 327. no. 5972,
pp. 1509 - 1511<BR>DOI: 10.1126/science.1184961</P></TD>
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<DIV id=page-nav> </DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<H2>Patterns of Diversity in Marine Phytoplankton</H2>
<DIV id=LegacyContent><STRONG></NOBR><NOBR>Andrew D.
Barton,<SUP>1</SUP><SUP>,*</SUP></NOBR> <NOBR>Stephanie
Dutkiewicz,<SUP>1</SUP></NOBR> <NOBR>Glenn Flierl,<SUP>1</SUP></NOBR>
<NOBR>Jason Bragg,<SUP>2</SUP><A name=RAFN1></A><SUP>,<IMG alt={dagger}
src="http://www.sciencemag.org/math/link//dagger.gif" border=0></SUP></NOBR>
<NOBR>Michael J. Follows<SUP>1</SUP></NOBR> </STRONG>
<P>
<DIV class=Abstract>
<P><FONT size=-1><SUP>1</SUP> Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary
Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. <SUP>2</SUP> Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. </FONT><SUP><IMG alt={dagger}
src="http://www.sciencemag.org/math/dagger.gif" border=0></SUP> Present address:
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research<SUP> </SUP>Organisation (CSIRO)
Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.<SUP> </SUP><SUP>*</SUP> To whom
correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <SPAN id=em0><A
href="mailto:adbarton@mit.edu">adbarton@mit.edu</A></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN>Spatial diversity gradients are a pervasive feature of life<SUP>
</SUP>on Earth. We examined a global ocean circulation, biogeochemistry,<SUP>
</SUP>and ecosystem model that indicated a decrease in phytoplankton<SUP>
</SUP>diversity with increasing latitude, consistent with observations<SUP>
</SUP>of many marine and terrestrial taxa. In the modeled subpolar<SUP>
</SUP>oceans, seasonal variability of the environment led to competitive<SUP>
</SUP>exclusion of phytoplankton with slower growth rates and lower<SUP>
</SUP>diversity. The relatively weak seasonality of the stable subtropical<SUP>
</SUP>and tropical oceans in the global model enabled long exclusion<SUP>
</SUP>time scales and prolonged coexistence of multiple phytoplankton<SUP>
</SUP>with comparable fitness. Superimposed on the decline in diversity<SUP>
</SUP>seen from equator to pole were "hot spots" of enhanced diversity<SUP>
</SUP>in some regions of energetic ocean circulation, which reflected<SUP>
</SUP>lateral dispersal.<SUP>
</SUP></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></FONT></DIV><BR>
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