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<DIV jQuery1341621273072="3"><CITE><ABBR class=slug-jnl-abbrev
title=Science></ABBR></CITE> </DIV>
<DIV jQuery1341621273072="3"><CITE><ABBR class=slug-jnl-abbrev
title=Science>Science</ABBR><SPAN class=slug-pub-date itemprop="datePublished">
6 July 2012: </SPAN><BR><SPAN class=slug-vol>Vol. 337 </SPAN><SPAN
class=slug-issue>no. 6090 </SPAN><SPAN class=slug-pages>pp. 46-47
</SPAN><BR>DOI: <SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1223881>10.1126/science.1223881 </SPAN></CITE></DIV>
<DIV class="article summary-view" jQuery1341621273072="6" itemprop="articleBody"
sizset="0" sizcache="1"><SPAN
class=highwire-journal-article-marker-start></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV id=article-title-1 itemprop="headline"><FONT size=4>The Seasonal
Smorgasbord of the Seas</FONT></DIV>
<DIV class="article summary-view" jQuery1341621273072="6" itemprop="articleBody"
sizset="0" sizcache="1">
<DIV id=contrib-1 class=last sizset="0" sizcache="0"><SPAN class=name><A
class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Adrian+Martin&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Adrian
Martin</A> </SPAN>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.
E-mail: <A
href="mailto:adrian.martin@noc.ac.uk">adrian.martin@noc.ac.uk</A></DIV>
<H2 class="section summary"><FONT size=2>Summary</FONT></H2>
<P id=p-2 class="section summary">The spring bloom of phytoplankton—an annual
population explosion that propagates poleward across much of the open ocean and
spills across the continental shelves—is a seasonal bounty for the marine
ecosystem. As it wanes, its annual legacy is a flux of carbon out of the
atmosphere as the organic material, containing newly fixed carbon, sinks. On
page 54 of this issue, Mahadevan <EM>et al.</EM> (<EM>1</EM>) suggest that the
bloom can be triggered by instabilities in surface currents that trap
phytoplankton near the sunlit surface. In another study, Teeling <EM>et al.</EM>
(<EM>2</EM>) recently suggested that the bloom itself may help to explain the
“paradox of the plankton” (<EM>3</EM>); how can a seemingly homogeneous ocean
sustain thousands of species? </P>
<P class="section summary">************************************</P>
<DIV class="section summary" jQuery1341621347088="3"><CITE><ABBR
class=slug-jnl-abbrev title=Science>Science</ABBR><SPAN class=slug-pub-date
itemprop="datePublished"> 6 July 2012: </SPAN><BR><SPAN class=slug-vol>Vol. 337
</SPAN><SPAN class=slug-issue>no. 6090 </SPAN><SPAN class=slug-pages>pp. 54-58
</SPAN><BR>DOI: <SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1218740>10.1126/science.1218740 </SPAN></CITE></DIV>
<DIV class="section summary" jQuery1341621347088="3"><CITE><SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1218740></SPAN></CITE> </DIV>
<DIV class="section summary" jQuery1341621347088="3"><CITE><SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1218740></SPAN></CITE><FONT size=4>Eddy-Driven
Stratification Initiates North Atlantic Spring Phytoplankton Blooms</FONT></DIV>
<DIV class="article abstract-view" itemprop="articleBody" sizset="0"
sizcache="1" jQuery1341621347088="5">
<DIV id=contrib-1 class=contributor itemscope="itemscope"
itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemprop="author" sizset="0"
sizcache="0"><SPAN class=name itemprop="name"><A class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Amala+Mahadevan&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Amala
Mahadevan</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-1-1 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6090/54.abstract#aff-1"
jQuery1341621347088="20"><SUP>1</SUP></A>, <SPAN class=name itemprop="name"><A
class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Eric+D%E2%80%99Asaro&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Eric
D’Asaro</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-2-1 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6090/54.abstract#aff-2"
jQuery1341621347088="21"><SUP>2</SUP></A><SPAN class=xref-sep>,</SPAN><A
id=xref-corresp-1-1 class=xref-corresp
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6090/54.abstract#corresp-1">*</A>,
<SPAN class=name itemprop="name"><A class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Craig+Lee&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Craig
Lee</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-2-2 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6090/54.abstract#aff-2"
jQuery1341621347088="22"><SUP>2</SUP></A>, <SPAN class=name><A class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Mary+Jane+Perry&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Mary
Jane Perry</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-3-1 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6090/54.abstract#aff-3"
jQuery1341621347088="23"><SUP>3</SUP></A> <SUP>1</SUP>Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. <SUP>2</SUP>Applied
Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
<SUP>3</SUP>Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole, ME 04573,
USA. E-mail: <A
href="mailto:dasaro@apl.washington.edu">dasaro@apl.washington.edu</A></DIV>
<DIV id=abstract-3 class="section abstract">
<H2><FONT size=2>Abstract</FONT></H2>
<P id=p-3>Springtime phytoplankton blooms photosynthetically fix carbon and
export it from the surface ocean at globally important rates. These blooms are
triggered by increased light exposure of the phytoplankton due to both seasonal
light increase and the development of a near-surface vertical density gradient
(stratification) that inhibits vertical mixing of the phytoplankton. Classically
and in current climate models, that stratification is ascribed to a springtime
warming of the sea surface. Here, using observations from the subpolar North
Atlantic and a three-dimensional biophysical model, we show that the initial
stratification and resulting bloom are instead caused by eddy-driven slumping of
the basin-scale north-south density gradient, resulting in a patchy bloom
beginning 20 to 30 days earlier than would occur by warming.
</P></DIV></DIV></DIV></FONT><BR>
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