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<DIV class=articleTitle sizset="4" sizcache="2"><SPAN class=mainTitle>
<DIV id=productTitle sizset="4" sizcache="2">Palaeontology</DIV>
<DIV class=articleDetails sizset="4" sizcache="2"><A
href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.2012.55.issue-6/issuetoc"
shape=rect><FONT color=#000000><SPAN id=volumeNumber>Volume 55</SPAN>, <SPAN
id=issueNumber>Issue 6</SPAN>, </FONT></A><SPAN id=issuePages>pages
1139–1153</SPAN>, <SPAN id=issueDate>November 2012</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=articleDetails sizset="4" sizcache="2"><SPAN>
<DIV id=publishedOnlineDate>Article first published online: 14 NOV 2012</DIV>
<DIV
id=doi>DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01201.x</DIV></SPAN></DIV></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=articleTitle sizset="4" sizcache="2"><SPAN
class=mainTitle></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV class=articleTitle sizset="4" sizcache="2"><SPAN class=mainTitle><FONT
size=4>Origin of the white shark <EM>Carcharodon</EM> (Lamniformes: Lamnidae)
based on recalibration of the Upper Neogene Pisco Formation of
Peru</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV id=cr1 sizset="4" sizcache="2">DANA J. EHRET<SUP><FONT
size=1>1,*</FONT></SUP>, BRUCE J. MACFADDEN<SUP><FONT size=1>2</FONT></SUP>,
DOUGLAS S. JONES<SUP><FONT size=1>2</FONT></SUP>, THOMAS J. DEVRIES<SUP><FONT
size=1>3</FONT></SUP>, DAVID A. FOSTER<SUP><FONT size=1>4</FONT></SUP>, RODOLFO
SALAS-GISMONDI<SUP><FONT size=1>5</FONT></SUP></DIV>
<DIV id=publishedOnlineDate> </DIV>
<DIV sizset="4" sizcache="2"><SUP>1</SUP> Monmouth University, West Long Branch,
NJ, 07764, USA; e-mail: <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A
title="Link to email address" href="mailto:dehret@monmouth.edu" shape=rect><FONT
color=#007e8a><A
href="mailto:dehret@monmouth.edu Corresponding author.2">dehret@monmouth.edu</FONT></A><FONT
color=#000000> Corresponding author.</FONT><SUP>2</SUP></A> Florida Museum
of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; e-mails: <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A title="Link to email address"
href="mailto:bmacfadd@flmnh.ufl.edu" shape=rect><FONT
color=#007e8a>bmacfadd@flmnh.ufl.edu</FONT></A>, <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A
title="Link to email address" href="mailto:dsjones@flmnh.ufl.edu"
shape=rect><FONT color=#007e8a><A
href="mailto:dsjones@flmnh.ufl.edu3">dsjones@flmnh.ufl.edu</FONT></A><SUP>3</A></SUP>
Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA 98195, USA; e-mail: <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A
title="Link to email address" href="mailto:tomdevrie@aol.com" shape=rect><FONT
color=#007e8a><A
href="mailto:tomdevrie@aol.com4">tomdevrie@aol.com</FONT></A><SUP>4</A></SUP>
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611,
USA; e-mail: <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A title="Link to email address"
href="mailto:dafoster@ufl.edu" shape=rect><FONT color=#007e8a><A
href="mailto:dafoster@ufl.edu5">dafoster@ufl.edu</FONT></A><SUP>5</A></SUP>
Departmento de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural Javier
Prado, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 11, Peru; e-mail: <!--TODO: clickthrough URL--><A title="Link to email address"
href="mailto:rodsalasgis@yahoo.com" shape=rect><FONT
color=#007e8a>rodsalasgis@yahoo.com</FONT></A></DIV>
<DIV id=additionalInformation>
<DIV style="CLEAR: left">
<DIV id=authorsDetail jQuery1353031529803="9">
<P id=correspondence><B>Abstract: </B> The taxonomic origin of the white shark,
<EM>Carcharodon</EM>, is a highly debated subject. New fossil evidence presented
in this study suggests that the genus is derived from the broad-toothed ‘mako’,
<EM>Carcharodon</EM> (<EM>Cosmopolitodus</EM>) <EM>hastalis</EM>, and includes
the new species <EM>C</EM>.<EM> hubbelli</EM> sp. nov. – a taxon that
demonstrates a transition between <EM>C</EM>. <EM>hastalis</EM> and
<EM>Carcharodon carcharias</EM>. Specimens from the Pisco Formation clearly
demonstrate an evolutionary mosaic of characters of both recent
<EM>C. carcharias</EM> and fossil <EM>C.</EM> <EM>hastalis</EM>.
Characters diagnostic to <EM>C. carcharias</EM> include the presence tooth
serrations and a symmetrical first upper anterior tooth that is the largest in
the tooth row, while those indicative of <EM>C. hastalis</EM> include a
mesially slanted third anterior (intermediate) tooth. We also provide a
recalibration of critical fossil horizons within the Pisco Formation, Peru using
zircon U-Pb dating and strontium-ratio isotopic analysis. The recalibration of
the absolute dates suggests that <EM>Carcharodon hubbelli</EM> sp. nov. is Late
Miocene (6–8 Ma) in age. This research revises and elucidates lamnid shark
evolution based on the calibration of the Neogene Pisco
Formation.</P></DIV></DIV></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>