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<BODY bgColor=#ffffff><FONT size=2 face=Arial><FONT size=6
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<DIV></FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927>PNAS </FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT88ac8687><FONT
face=AdvOT88ac8687>| </FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>December 18, 2012 </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT88ac8687><FONT face=AdvOT88ac8687>| </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>vol. 109 </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT88ac8687><FONT face=AdvOT88ac8687>| </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>no. 51</FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927> </DIV></FONT></FONT></FONT>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=4>Recreational </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
size=4><FONT face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B><FONT
face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B>shing selectively captures individuals with the highest
</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B><FONT
face=AdvOT24c3cae3.B>tness potential</DIV></FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>David A. H. Sutter</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>a,b,c,1</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, Cory D.
Suski</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>b</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, David P. Philipp</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>b,d</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, Thomas
Klefoth</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>a</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, David H. Wahl</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>b,d</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, Petra
Kersten</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>e</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Steven J. Cooke</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>f</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>, and Robert
Arlinghaus</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>a,c</FONT></DIV></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT118e7927>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>a</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>Departments of Biology and Ecology
of Fishes and </FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927>e</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=2>Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute
of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, 12587</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Berlin, Germany; </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>b</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
61801; </FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927>c</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=2>Inland</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Fisheries Management Laboratory, Department for
Crop and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture,
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Berlin, Germany; </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>d</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927>Illinois Natural History Survey,
Champaign, IL 61820; and </FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT
face=AdvOT118e7927>f</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT118e7927><FONT size=2>Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology
Laboratory, Department of Biology and</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton
University, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>Summary</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2></FONT> </DIV><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>Fisheries-induced evolution and its impact on the
productivity of </FONT><FONT size=2>exploited </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT size=2
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>sh stocks remains a highly contested
research topic in </FONT><FONT size=2>applied </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
size=2><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>sh evolution and </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>sheries
science. Although many quantitative </FONT><FONT size=2>models assume that
larger, more fecund </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
size=2 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>sh are
preferentially </FONT><FONT size=2>removed by </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT size=2
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>shing, there is no empirical evidence
describing </FONT><FONT size=2>the relationship between vulnerability to capture
and individual </FONT><FONT size=2>reproductive </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT size=2
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>tness in the wild. Using males from two
lines of </FONT><FONT size=2>largemouth bass (</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT1a8a9c4a.BI><FONT size=2 face=AdvOT1a8a9c4a.BI>Micropterus
salmoides</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>) selectively bred over three </FONT><FONT
size=2>generations for either high (HV) or low (LV) vulnerability to angling
</FONT><FONT size=2>as a model system, we show that the trait
</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+20><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+20>“</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>vulnerability to angling</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+20><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+20><FONT
size=2>”</FONT></DIV></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>positively correlates with aggression, intensity of
parental care, and </FONT><FONT size=2>reproductive </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
size=2><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>tness. The difference in reproductive </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>tness
between </FONT><FONT size=2>HV and LV </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT size=2
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>sh was particularly evident among
larger males, which </FONT><FONT size=2>are also the preferred mating partners
of females. <U>Our study constitutes </U></FONT><FONT size=2><U>experimental
evidence that recreational angling selectively</U></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2><U>captures individuals with the highest potential
for reproductive </U></FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
size=2 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><U>fi</U></FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=2><U>tness</U>. </FONT><FONT size=2>Our study further suggests that
selective removal of the </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT size=2
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT
size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>ttest </FONT><FONT size=2>individuals
likely occurs in many </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT
size=2 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT size=1
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=1 face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT size=2>sheries that
target <U>species engaged </U></FONT><FONT size=2><U>in parental care</U>. As a
result, depending on the ecological </FONT><FONT size=2>context, angling-induced
selection may have negative consequences</FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT size=2>for recruitment within wild populations of
largemouth bass and possibly other exploited species in which behavioral
patterns that determine </FONT></FONT></FONT><FONT size=2><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>tness, such as aggression or
parental care, also affect their vulnerability to </FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B+fb>fi</FONT></FONT><FONT
face=AdvOT6c1def61.B><FONT face=AdvOT6c1def61.B>shing
gear.</DIV></FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></BODY></HTML>