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<DIV jQuery1386462760312="4"><CITE><ABBR class=slug-jnl-abbrev
title=Science>Science</ABBR><SPAN class=slug-pub-date itemprop="datePublished">
6 December 2013: </SPAN><BR><SPAN class=slug-vol>Vol. 342 </SPAN><SPAN
class=slug-issue>no. 6163 </SPAN><SPAN class=slug-pages>pp. 1176-1177
</SPAN><BR>DOI: <SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1245490>10.1126/science.1245490 </SPAN></CITE></DIV>
<DIV jQuery1386462760312="4"><CITE><SPAN class=slug-doi
title=10.1126/science.1245490><A
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6163/1176.short">http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6163/1176.short</A></SPAN></CITE></DIV>
<DIV class="article summary-view " jQuery1386462760312="7"
itemprop="articleBody" sizset="0" sizcache="1"><SPAN
class=highwire-journal-article-marker-start></SPAN>
<H1 id=article-title-1 itemprop="headline">How Fisheries Affect
Evolution</H1></DIV>
<DIV id=contrib-1 class=contributor itemscope="itemscope"
itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemprop="author" sizset="0"
sizcache="0"><SPAN class=name itemprop="name"><A class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Andrea+Belgrano&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Andrea
Belgrano</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-1-1 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6163/1176.short#aff-1"
jQuery1386462760312="23">1</A><SPAN class=xref-sep>,</SPAN><A id=xref-aff-2-1
class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6163/1176.short#aff-2"
jQuery1386462760312="24">2</A>, <SPAN class=name><A class=name-search
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/search?author1=Charles+W.+Fowler&sortspec=date&submit=Submit">Charles
W. Fowler</A></SPAN><A id=xref-aff-3-1 class=xref-aff
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/342/6163/1176.short#aff-3"
jQuery1386462760312="25">3</A></DIV>
<DIV class=affiliation-list-reveal><SUP>1</SUP>Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine
Research, Turistgatan 5, SE-453 30 Lysekil, Sweden. <SUP>2</SUP>Swedish
Institute for the Marine Environment (SIME), Box 260, SE-405 30 Göteborg,
Sweden. <SUP>3</SUP>Biology Department, Seattle University, 901 12th Avenue,
Post Office Box 222000, Seattle, WA 98122-1090, USA. E-mail: <A
href="mailto:andrea.belgrano@slu.se">andrea.belgrano@slu.se</A>; <A
href="mailto:fowlerc@seattleu.edu">fowlerc@seattleu.edu</A></DIV>
<DIV class="article summary-view " jQuery1386462760312="7"
itemprop="articleBody" sizset="0" sizcache="1">
<DIV id=abstract-2 class="section summary">
<H2>Summary</H2>
<P id=p-2>The extensive exploitation of marine resources by modern fisheries
(see the figure) has wide-ranging effects on marine ecosystems. Across the
world's oceans, size-selective harvesting by commercial fisheries has been a key
driving force behind changes in phenotypic traits such as body size and age at
maturation (<EM>1</EM>–<EM>3</EM>). These changes have altered the trophic
structure of the affected ecosystems, disturbed predatorprey relationships, and
modified trophic cascade dynamics (<EM>3</EM>, <EM>4</EM>). Phenotypic changes
can involve both ecological and evolutionary reactions to the effect of fishing,
and there has been much debate about the relative roles of these reactions. This
is important because genetic changes could result in long-term reductions in
catches. Recent work has provided evidence for fisheries-induced evolutionary
changes, with important implications for the sustainability of fisheries.
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