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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Purple
monsters may herald spike in jellyfish activity<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>by</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/search?rbauthors=Michael+Slezak"><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Michael Slezak</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>27
May 2014<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn25629?cmpid=NLC%7CNSNS%7C2014-0529-GLOBAL&utm_medium=NLC&utm_source=NSNS&#.U4ifw3JdUqM"><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn25629?cmpid=NLC%7CNSNS%7C2014-0529-GLOBAL&utm_medium=NLC&utm_source=NSNS&#.U4ifw3JdUqM</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Could
Australia have had schools of mysterious, technicolour purple jellyfish
swimming off its shores all along without anybody noticing? After one such
creature, previously unknown in Australia – and probably to science
– washed up on a Queensland coast last week, jellyfish scientist<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://lisagershwin.com/about.htm"><span style='color:#34A3D1;border:
none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Lisa-ann Gershwin</span></a>has received a
string of reported sightings dating back to 2008.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>With its metre-long arms and a
huge purple bell, Gershwin from the CSIRO, Australia's national research
agency, in Brisbane, says she's never seen anything like the specimen that
washed up on Coolum beach on the Sunshine Coast in Queensland on Wednesday
morning.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Some
features, including the arms covered in thousands of tiny plankton-eating
mouths, meant Gershwin could immediately determine it was a member of the<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><i><span style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Thysanostoma</span></i><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>genus.
But those known to live around Australia are tiny and beige.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>"This is huge. And it's
vivid technicolour purple," she says.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;background:white'><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/cms/dn25629/dn25629-1_1200.jpg"
target=nsimage><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#34A3D1;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=300 height=229
id="Imagen_x0020_3" src="cid:image001.jpg@01CF7BF0.5AC01920"
alt="Mysterious purple monsters are arriving on Australian beaches <i>(Image: Jamie Smith, Coolum Beach Lifeguards)</i>"></span></a></span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;background:white'><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Mysterious purple
monsters are arriving on Australian beaches<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;background:white'><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <i><span
style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>(Image: Jamie Smith, Coolum
Beach Lifeguards)</span></i></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:solid #00759A 1.0pt;
padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-right:15.0pt'>
<h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;
margin-left:0in;line-height:14.8pt;border:none;padding:0in'><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#717171'>Where
there's one<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Gershwin has some reports in
German from the 19th century, reporting large specimens from the same genus
found in the Red Sea and near the Philippines. But she says the parts she has
translated so far don't mention that the creatures are purple, so she suspects
this is a new species.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Where there's one jellyfish,
there must be more. "Wouldn't that be spectacular," says Gershwin.
"Can you imagine anything more amazing than a school of technicolour
purple jellyfish with long oral arms."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%"
style='width:100.0%'>
<tr id="zd_tr_26817">
<td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in' id="zd_td_26817"></td>
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</table>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt' id="zd_newid_26817"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Members
of the public have now contacted her, reporting 10 sightings – four with
photos – of similar jellyfish on beaches going back to 2008. She says the
big question now is: are these locals that have been in Australian waters all
along, or are they just starting to move there from elsewhere? If they're
moving, or increasing in numbers, that could be a sign that the ocean
environment is changing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:solid #00759A 1.0pt;
padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-right:15.0pt'>
<h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:7.5pt;
margin-left:0in;line-height:14.8pt;border:none;padding:0in'><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#717171'>Canary
in the coal mine<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Changes
in jellyfish activity are an important<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3126-plague-of-giant-jellyfish-hits-japan.html"><span
style='color:#34A3D1;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>indicator of the
state of the environment</span></a>, with spikes possibly caused by
agricultural run-off,<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12235-jellyfish-swarms-threaten-mediterranean-beach-bums.html"><span
style='color:#34A3D1;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>global warming</span></a><img
border=0 width=16 height=10 id="Imagen_x0020_1"
src="cid:image002.gif@01CF7BF0.5AC01920" alt="Movie Camera"><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>and over-fishing, Gershwin says.
"They're like the canary in the coal mine."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Moreover,
spikes in jellyfish numbers can themselves worsen the environment by<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/jun/12/jellyfish-plankton-ocean-acid"><span
style='color:#34A3D1;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>encouraging
carbon dioxide</span></a><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>release
from the oceans and because the jellyfish eat, and<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24354-lazy-jellyfish-use-vortex-power-to-rule-the-waves.html"><span
style='color:#34A3D1;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>compete with</span></a>,
fish and larvae.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=infuse style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom:
15.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;line-height:13.45pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>"We are certainly seeing a
lot of jellyfish activity all around Australia," Gershwin says. "But
whether that's a blip or a new normal we don't know yet because it's only been
a few years of intense jellyfish activity. But believe me we're onto it."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
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