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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal>Marine Ecology<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='outline: 0px'><a
href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1439-0485/earlyview"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext;
border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Early View (Online Version of Record
published before inclusion in an issue)</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Article first published online: 28
MAR 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='outline: 0px;word-wrap: break-word' id=doi><span
style='color:black'>DOI: 10.1111/maec.12354<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:24.0pt;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:7.5pt;vertical-align:
baseline'><span class=maintitle><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><o:p> </o:p></span></span></h1>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:24.0pt;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:7.5pt;vertical-align:
baseline'><span class=maintitle><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><o:p> </o:p></span></span></h1>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:24.0pt;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:7.5pt;vertical-align:
baseline'><span class=maintitle><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Material type and
roughness influence structure of inter-tidal communities on coastal defenses</span></span><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:3.75pt;
margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;
line-height:18.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1;vertical-align:baseline'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Eva Cacabelos</span><sup><span lang=ES
style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;border:
none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1,*</span></sup><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>,<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>Gustavo M. Martins</span><sup><span
lang=ES style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;
border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1,2</span></sup><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>, Richard
Thompson</span><sup><span lang=ES style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>3</span></sup><span
lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>,<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>Afonso C. L. Prestes</span><sup><span
lang=ES style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;
border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1</span></sup><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>,<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>José Manuel N. Azevedo</span><sup><span
lang=ES style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;
border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1</span></sup><span
class=apple-converted-space><span lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span></span><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>and Ana I.
Neto</span><sup><span lang=ES style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1</span></sup><span
lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:7.5pt;vertical-align:baseline;
outline: 0px' id=publishedOnlineDate><span class=affiliationnumber><span
lang=ES style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;
border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>1 </span></span><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>cE3c
– Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean
Biodiversity Group, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, São
Miguel, Azores, Portugal </span><span class=affiliationnumber><span lang=ES
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;border:
none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>2 </span></span><span lang=ES
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>CIIMAR-Centro
Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Porto, Portugal </span><span
class=affiliationnumber><span lang=ES style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>3 </span></span><span
lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Marine
Biology and Ecology Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, UK. <sup><span
style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>*</span></sup><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><span style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Correspondence</span><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Eva
Cacabelos E-mail:<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><a
href="mailto:evacacabelos@yahoo.es" title="Link to email address"><span
lang=ES style='color:#007E8A;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>evacacabelos@yahoo.es</span></a></span><span
lang=ES style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<form id=searchSite name=advancedSearchForm>
<h3 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.2pt;vertical-align:
baseline'><span lang=ES style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3>
<h3 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.2pt;vertical-align:
baseline'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='outline: 0px'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>On
a global scale, urbanization has resulted in substantial proportions of coasts
being replaced by artificial structures such as marinas, breakwaters and
seawalls. There is broad consensus that coastal defense structures are poor
surrogates of the natural habitats that they replace. Here we investigated the
effects of the type and roughness of materials used for the construction of
artificial structures on the surrounding biota by comparing abundances and
distribution of key inter-tidal taxa between natural shores and coastal
defenses. Lower abundances of gastropods and barnacles were found on artificial
coastal defense structures (regardless of the material type). At small spatial
scales, abundances of key taxa increased with increasing roughness. Our results
suggest that the choice of materials used for the construction of coastal
defense structures has little effect on community structure<span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='color:black'> </span></span><em><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>per se</span></em>, but that <u>enhanced roughness</u> could make
coastal defenses better surrogates of natural habitats by supporting
assemblages that are more similar to those found on natural shores.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
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