<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)">
<style>
<!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings;
panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings;
panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
h1
{mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"T\00EDtulo 1 Car";
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:24.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
font-weight:bold;}
h2
{mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"T\00EDtulo 2 Car";
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
font-weight:bold;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
span.EstiloCorreo17
{mso-style-type:personal-compose;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.Ttulo1Car
{mso-style-name:"T\00EDtulo 1 Car";
mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"T\00EDtulo 1";
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
font-weight:bold;}
span.Ttulo2Car
{mso-style-name:"T\00EDtulo 2 Car";
mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"T\00EDtulo 2";
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
font-weight:bold;}
span.fn
{mso-style-name:fn;}
span.comma
{mso-style-name:comma;}
span.apple-converted-space
{mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
span.bullet
{mso-style-name:bullet;}
..MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;}
@page Section1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.Section1
{page:Section1;}
/* List Definitions */
@list l0
{mso-list-id:52966475;
mso-list-template-ids:-1459466824;}
@list l0:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:\F0B7;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l1
{mso-list-id:141166030;
mso-list-template-ids:-1058999058;}
@list l1:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:\F0B7;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l2
{mso-list-id:661393005;
mso-list-template-ids:829953330;}
@list l2:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:\F0B7;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l3
{mso-list-id:1976133132;
mso-list-template-ids:1673309992;}
@list l3:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:\F0B7;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
ol
{margin-bottom:0in;}
ul
{margin-bottom:0in;}
-->
</style>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple>
<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Nature </span></i><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>(2017)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>doi:10.1038/nature21708<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Published
online 22 March 2017<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:15.0pt;
margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#222222;letter-spacing:-.4pt;font-weight:normal'><o:p> </o:p></span></h1>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:15.0pt;
margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
letter-spacing:-.4pt'>Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine
protected areas globally<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-1"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>David A. Gill</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-2"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Michael B. Mascia</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-3"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Gabby N. Ahmadia</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-4"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Louise Glew</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-5"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Sarah E. Lester</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-6"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Megan Barnes</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-7"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Ian Craigie</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-8"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Emily S. Darling</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-9"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Christopher M.
Free</span></span></a><span class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-10"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Jonas Geldmann</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-11"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Susie Holst</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span><a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-12"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Olaf P. Jensen</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-13"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Alan T. White</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-14"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Xavier Basurto</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-15"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Lauren Coad</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-16"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Ruth D. Gates</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-17"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Greg Guannel</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span><a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-18"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Peter J. Mumby</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-19"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Hannah Thomas</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-20"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Sarah Whitmee</span></span></a><span
class=comma>,</span> <a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-21"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Stephen Woodley</span></span></a>
&<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature21708.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20170323&spMailingID=53682983&spUserID=MjA1NTE2ODQxMAS2&spJobID=1123821625&spReportId=MTEyMzgyMTYyNQS2#auth-22"><span
class=fn><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Helen E. Fox</span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:13.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#444444;letter-spacing:-.4pt'>Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:15.0pt;
margin-left:0in'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Marine protected
areas (MPAs) are increasingly being used globally to conserve marine resources.
However, whether many MPAs are being effectively and equitably managed, and how
MPA management influences substantive outcomes remain unknown. We developed a
global database of management and fish population data (433 and 218 MPAs,
respectively) to assess: MPA management processes; the effects of MPAs on fish
populations; and relationships between management processes and ecological
effects. Here we report that many MPAs failed to meet thresholds for effective
and equitable management processes, with widespread shortfalls in staff and
financial resources. Although 71% of MPAs positively influenced fish
populations, these conservation impacts were highly variable. Staff and budget
capacity were the strongest predictors of conservation impact: MPAs with
adequate staff capacity had ecological effects 2.9 times greater than MPAs with
inadequate capacity. Thus, continued global expansion of MPAs without adequate
investment in human and financial capacity is likely to lead to sub-optimal
conservation outcomes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<br /><br />
<hr style='border:none; color:#909090; background-color:#B0B0B0; height: 1px; width: 99%;' />
<table style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'>
<tr>
<td style='border:none;padding:0px 15px 0px 8px'>
<a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient">
<img border=0 src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" />
</a>
</td>
<td>
<p style='color:#3d4d5a; font-family:"Calibri","Verdana","Arial","Helvetica"; font-size:12pt;'>
This email is free from viruses and malware because <a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient">avast! Antivirus</a> protection is active.
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br />
</body>
</html>