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<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Feed
a fishery, starve a seabird<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>by<span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='color:#292B2C'> </span></span><a
href="https://news.mongabay.com/by/ongabay-com/"><span style='color:black;
text-decoration:none'>Mongabay.com</span></a><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='color:#292B2C'> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>12
December 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>https://news.mongabay.com/2018/12/feed-a-fishery-starve-a-seabird/?utm_source=Mongabay+Email+Alerts&utm_campaign=9ab6b4de33-mailchimp_conservation_weekly&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_e1ea8b5f35-9ab6b4de33-76256527<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:12.5pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Competition for fish stocks
with fisheries to feed humans could be forcing seabirds to go hungry, according
to new research.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>The
study, published Dec. 6 in the journal<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31418-0#sectitle0065"
target="_blank"><em><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#45AAE8;
text-decoration:none'>Current Biology</span></em></a>, reveals that
seabirds’ share of fish has dropped by nearly 20 percent over a span of
40 years. Expanding large-scale fisheries, meanwhile, have increased their haul
by 10 percent in the same period.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>What
makes those facts doubly concerning is that seabird communities have dwindled,
said David Grémillet, the study’s lead author.<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0129342"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#45AAE8'>Research</span></a><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>published in 2015 found a 69 percent
slide in their numbers since 1950.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:12.5pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>In a<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/uobc-ifa120518.php"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#45AAE8'>statement</span></a><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>from the University of British
Columbia, Grémillet, a biological oceanographer at<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="https://www.cnrs.fr/en"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#45AAE8'>CNRS</span></a>, the French
National Center for Scientific Research, likened fisheries’ impact on
seabirds to “a boa tightening its grip on prey.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>The
research overlaid maps of the feeding areas of 276 species of seabirds with the
take zones of human fisheries and compared them over two periods, the 1970s and
1980s, and the 1990s and the 2000s. The team tallied up the amount eaten by
seabirds around the world, as well as how much fish humans are thought to have
pulled from the oceans, during those stretches.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Seabirds
had an average of around 70 million metric tons (77 million tons) available to
them each year between 1970 and 1989. That figure dropped to 57 million metric
tons (63 million tons) between 1990 and 2010. Fisheries’ annual share
increased from 59 million to 65 million metric tons (65 million to 72 million
tons) in that period.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:18.0pt;
background:white'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'><img
border=0 width=768 height=432 id="Imagen_x0020_2"
src="cid:image001.jpg@01D49921.20956860"
alt="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/12/11095141/187802.jpg"></span><span
style='font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:18.0pt;
background:white'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>A
map shows seabird-fishery competition across the world. Image courtesy of the
University of British Columbia.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:12.5pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Birds that go after krill,
squid and smaller fish such as herring and sardines face the toughest struggle
to avoid starvation, Deng Palomares, one of the study’s co-authors and a
scientist and project manager with the<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="http://www.seaaroundus.org/" target="_blank"><span style='color:#45AAE8'>Sea
Around Us</span></a><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>project
based at the University of British Columbia, said in the statement.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>The Sea
Around Us has collected decades of data on both seabird distribution and human
fisheries, and this study was the first to look at the overlap on a global
scale.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Palomares
said that possible starvation as their food source was fished out was just one
of the challenges that seabirds faced. Pollution, plastic trash and
entanglement in fishing gear are also threatening to cut into the global number
of seabirds, she said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:12.5pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'> “If we don’t do
anything, seabird populations are going to collapse,” Palomares said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Grémillet
said penguin numbers were down by 25 percent, and frigate bird and tern
populations had dipped by almost 50 percent in the past few decades.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>“You
have more and more fishing effort for less and less potential seabird prey,
consumed by fewer birds,” Grémillet said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>“The
noose is tightening around seabirds,” he added. “I find this
terrifying.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:12.5pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>As a scientist, Grémillet is
concerned about the ecological impact of the loss of species. But he also said
we should consider the cultural void that extinction could create.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>“[When]
we lose seabirds we lose an irreplaceable heritage — creatures which have
inspired every single maritime society since the dawn of humanity, by bridging
the mysterious gap between us and the sea,” Grémillet said in a<span
class=apple-converted-space> </span><a
href="https://news.cnrs.fr/articles/seabirds-starve-while-fisheries-fill-up"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#45AAE8'>statement</span></a><span
class=apple-converted-space> </span>from CNRS.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><strong><span
lang=FR style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Citations </span></strong><span
lang=FR style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
lang=FR style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Grémillet,
D., Ponchon, A., Paleczny, M., Palomares, M. L. D., Karpouzi, V., & Pauly,
D. (2018). </span><span style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#292B2C'>Persisting Worldwide Seabird-Fishery Competition Despite Seabird
Community Decline. <em><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Current
Biology</span></em>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='line-height:18.0pt;background:white;box-sizing: inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;margin:1rem 0px;word-wrap: break-word'><span
style='font-size:12.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#292B2C'>Paleczny,
M., Hammill, E., Karpouzi, V., & Pauly, D. (2015). Population trend of the
world’s monitored seabirds, 1950-2010.<em><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>PLOS
One, 10</span></em>(6), e0129342.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
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