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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=ES link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Journal of Animal Ecology<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>First published: 09 April 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'><a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13236"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13236</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Parasitism in ecosystem engineer species: A key factor controlling marine ecosystem functioning<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'><a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Pascal%2C+Ludovic"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Ludovic Pascal</span></a> <a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Gr%C3%A9mare%2C+Antoine"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Antoine Gr¨¦mare</span></a> <a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Montaudouin%2C+Xavier"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Xavier de Montaudouin</span></a> <a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Deflandre%2C+Bruno"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Bruno Deflandre</span></a> <a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Romero-Ramirez%2C+Alicia"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Alicia Romero</span><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>©\</span><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Ramirez</span></a> <a href="https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Maire%2C+Olivier"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Olivier Maire</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><ol start=1 type=1><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Although parasites represent a substantial part of marine communities¡¯ biomass and diversity, their influence on ecosystem functioning, especially via the modification of host behaviour, remains largely unknown. Here, we explored the effects of the bopyrid ectoparasite <i>Gyge branchialis</i> on the engineering activities of the thalassinid crustacean <i>Upogebia pusilla</i> and the cascading effects on intertidal ecosystem processes (e.g. sediment bioturbation) and functions (e.g. nutrient regeneration). <o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Laboratory experiments revealed that the overall activity level of parasitized mud shrimp is reduced by a factor 3.3 due to a decrease in time allocated to burrowing and ventilating activities (by factors 1.9 and 2.9, respectively).<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Decrease in activity level led to strong reductions of bioturbation rates and biogeochemical fluxes at the sediment¨Cwater interface.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Given the world</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>©\</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>wide distribution of mud shrimp and their key role in biogeochemical processes, parasite</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>©\</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>mediated alteration of their engineering behaviour has undoubtedly broad ecological impacts on marine coastal systems functioning.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>Our results illustrate further the need to consider host¨Cparasite interactions (including trait</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>©\</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:ES'>mediated indirect effects) when assessing the contribution of species to ecosystem properties, functions and services.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br /> <table style="border-top: 1px solid #D3D4DE;">
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