[OANNES Foro] The campaign to DNA barcode all fishes, FISH-BOL

[Mario Cabrejos]

Journal of Fish Biology
Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 329 - 356
Published Online: 29 Jan 2009

The campaign to DNA barcode all fishes, FISH-BOL
R. D. Ward*?, R. Hanner? P. D. N. Hebert? 
* CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia and   ? Biodiversity Institute of Ontario and Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada 
Correspondence to   ?Tel.: +61 3 6232 5370; fax: +61 3 6232 5000; email: bob.ward en csiro.au 


ABSTRACT
FISH-BOL, the Fish Barcode of Life campaign, is an international research collaboration that is assembling a standardized reference DNA sequence library for all fishes. Analysis is targeting a 648 base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. More than 5000 species have already been DNA barcoded, with an average of five specimens per species, typically vouchers with authoritative identifications. The barcode sequence from any fish, fillet, fin, egg or larva can be matched against these reference sequences using BOLD; the Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org). The benefits of barcoding fishes include facilitating species identification, highlighting cases of range expansion for known species, flagging previously overlooked species and enabling identifications where traditional methods cannot be applied. Results thus far indicate that barcodes separate c. 98 and 93% of already described marine and freshwater fish species, respectively. Several specimens with divergent barcode sequences have been confirmed by integrative taxonomic analysis as new species. Past concerns in relation to the use of fish barcoding for species discrimination are discussed. These include hybridization, recent radiations, regional differentiation in barcode sequences and nuclear copies of the barcode region. However, current results indicate these issues are of little concern for the great majority of specimens.
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