[OANNES Foro] Dieta de cetáceos menores del Perú - Nueva Publicación

[Ignacio García-Godos]

Estimados amigos de OANNES,
Acaba de salir publicado en el volumen 6 (2) (2007) de Latin American
Journal of Aquatic Mammals el siguiente artículo:

García-Godos, I., Van Waerebeek, K., Reyes, J.C.,  Alfaro, J. &
Arias-Schreiber, M.  (2007).  Prey occurrence in the stomach contents of
four small cetacean species in Peru. *Latin American Journal of Aquatic
Mammals* 6(2): 171-183.



            ABSTRACT: The diets of long-beaked common dolphins Delphinus
capensis (n=117), dusky dolphins Lagenorhynchus obscurus (n=72),
Burmeister’s porpoises Phocoena spinipinnis (n=69) and offshore common
bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus (n=22) were determined based on the
analysis of the stomach contents collected from animals landed in ports
along the Peruvian central coast and from Marcona, in southern Peru, during
1987-1993. The number of prey ingested was obtained by counting the number
of fish otoliths and cephalopod mandibles (beaks). Only fish could be
identified to species level. Long-beaked common dolphins fed mainly on
Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens (70.0% by number), Panama lightfish
Vincigerria lucetia (7.8%) and slimtail lanternfish Lampanyctus parvicauda
(6.7%). Dusky dolphins consumed mainly anchovies (49.7%, 16.8%), slimtail
lanternfish (23.6%, 0.1%), Inca scad Trachurus murphyi (17.1%, 0%) and mote
sculpin Normanichthys crockeri (0%, 76.0%) off the central Peruvian coast
and Marcona, respectively. In the same areas, Burmeister’s porpoises fed
mainly on anchovy (88.9%, 77.6%), silverside Odontesthes regia (6.5%, 0%),
mote sculpin (0%, 8.1%) and South Pacific hake Merluccius gayi (0.6%, 7.9%).
Offshore common bottlenose dolphins consumed mainly slimtail lanternfish
(39.2%), barracuda Sphyraena sp. (13.5%) and Peruvian pilchard Sardinops
sagax (13.3%). The diversity indices of the diet and temporal shifts in the
main prey suggest an opportunistic feeding strategy for the four cetacean
species studied, which take advantage of the locally most available
epipelagic and mesopelagic schooling fish. Cluster analysis shows high
similarity in their diets, with these four marine top predators being able
to optimally exploit the high productivity of the Peruvian upwelling
ecosystem.


KEYWORDS: small cetaceans; food; prey; habitat; feeding ecology, Peru,
Southeast Pacific.
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