[OANNES Foro] A Global Pattern of Thermal Adaptation in Marine Phytoplankton

[Mario Cabrejos]

Science 23 November 2012: 
Vol. 338 no. 6110 pp. 1085-1088 
DOI: 10.1126/science.1224836 

Published Online October 25 2012

A Global Pattern of Thermal Adaptation in Marine Phytoplankton
Mridul K. Thomas1,2,*,?, Colin T. Kremer1,3,?, Christopher A. Klausmeier1,3, Elena Litchman1,2
1W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060, USA. 2Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. 3Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. E-mail: thomasmr en msu.edu

Abstract
Rising ocean temperatures will alter the productivity and composition of marine phytoplankton communities, thereby affecting global biogeochemical cycles. Predicting the effects of future ocean warming on biogeochemical cycles depends critically on understanding how existing global temperature variation affects phytoplankton. Here we show that variation in phytoplankton temperature optima over 150 degrees of latitude is well explained by a gradient in mean ocean temperature. An eco-evolutionary model predicts a similar relationship, suggesting that this pattern is the result of evolutionary adaptation. Using mechanistic species distribution models, we find that rising temperatures this century will cause poleward shifts in species' thermal niches and a sharp decline in tropical phytoplankton diversity in the absence of an evolutionary response. 
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