[OANNES Foro] Patterns of Diversity in Marine Phytoplankton

[Mario Cabrejos]

      Originally published in Science Express on 25 February 2010
      Science 19 March 2010:
      Vol. 327. no. 5972, pp. 1509 - 1511
      DOI: 10.1126/science.1184961
       

Patterns of Diversity in Marine Phytoplankton
Andrew D. Barton,1,* Stephanie Dutkiewicz,1 Glenn Flierl,1 Jason Bragg,2, Michael J. Follows1 

1 Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  Present address: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adbarton en mit.edu

Spatial diversity gradients are a pervasive feature of life on Earth. We examined a global ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem model that indicated a decrease in phytoplankton diversity with increasing latitude, consistent with observations of many marine and terrestrial taxa. In the modeled subpolar oceans, seasonal variability of the environment led to competitive exclusion of phytoplankton with slower growth rates and lower diversity. The relatively weak seasonality of the stable subtropical and tropical oceans in the global model enabled long exclusion time scales and prolonged coexistence of multiple phytoplankton with comparable fitness. Superimposed on the decline in diversity seen from equator to pole were "hot spots" of enhanced diversity in some regions of energetic ocean circulation, which reflected lateral dispersal. 



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