[OANNES Foro] The detection of aquatic animal species using environmental DNA - a review of eDNA as a survey tool in ecology

[Mario Cabrejos]

Journal of Applied Ecology

DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12306


 


 


The detection of aquatic animal species using environmental DNA - a review
of eDNA as a survey tool in ecology


1.     Helen C. Rees1,*,  Ben C. Maddison1, David J. Middleditch2,  James R.
M. Patmore3 and Kevin C. Gough4

1ADAS UK Ltd, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of
Nottingham, Leicestershire2ADAS UK Ltd, ADAS Boxworth, Boxworth,
Cambridgeshire3ADAS UK Ltd, ADAS Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton4School of
Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham,
Leicestershire. *Corresponding Author: Email:
<mailto:helen.rees en adas.co.uk> helen.rees en adas.co.uk


 


Summary


Knowledge of species distribution is critical to ecological management and
conservation biology. Effective management requires the detection of
populations which can sometimes be at low densities and is usually based on
visual detection and counting.

Recently there has been considerable interest in the detection of short
species-specific environmental DNA (eDNA) fragments to allow aquatic species
monitoring within different environments due to the potential of greater
sensitivity over traditional survey methods which can be time-consuming and
costly.

Environmental DNA analysis is increasingly being used in the detection of
rare or invasive species and has also been applied to eDNA persistence
studies and estimations of species biomass and distribution. When combined
with next generation sequencing methods it has been demonstrated that entire
faunas can be identified.

Different environments require different sampling methodologies, but there
remain areas where laboratory methodologies could be standardised to allow
results to be compared across studies.

Synthesis and applications. We review recently published studies that use
eDNA to monitor aquatic populations, discuss the methodologies used, the
application of eDNA analysis as a survey tool in ecology, and include
innovative ideas for how eDNA can be used for conservation and management
citing test cases. For instance the potential for on-site analyses,
including the application of eDNA analysis to carbon nanotube platforms or
laser transmission spectroscopy to facilitate rapid on-site detections. The
use of eDNA monitoring is already being adopted in the UK for ecological
surveys.

 



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