[OANNES Foro] Climate change and overfishing increase methylmercury in marine predators

[Mario Cabrejos]

Nature (2019)  

 
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
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Published: 07 August 2019

Climate change and overfishing increase neurotoxicant in marine predators

 
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
p-outbound-id=6B0F0AF8F0EFB767BD9380FE46BE8D4AD5615D51&utm_source=hybris-cam
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-1> Amina T.
Schartup,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
p-outbound-id=6B0F0AF8F0EFB767BD9380FE46BE8D4AD5615D51&utm_source=hybris-cam
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-2> Colin P.
Thackray,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-3> Asif Qureshi,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-4> Clifton
Dassuncao,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
p-outbound-id=6B0F0AF8F0EFB767BD9380FE46BE8D4AD5615D51&utm_source=hybris-cam
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-5> Kyle Gillespie,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-6> Alex Hanke &
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9?WT.ec_id=NATURE-201908&sa
p-outbound-id=6B0F0AF8F0EFB767BD9380FE46BE8D4AD5615D51&utm_source=hybris-cam
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rt-08-08-2019&utm_content=EN_internal_30753_20190808#auth-7> Elsie M.
Sunderland 

Abstract

More than three billion people rely on seafood for nutrition. However, fish
are the predominant source of human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg), a
potent neurotoxic substance. In the United States, 82% of population-wide
exposure to MeHg is from the consumption of marine seafood and almost 40% is
from fresh and canned tuna alone
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9#ref-CR1> 1. Around 80% of
the inorganic mercury (Hg) that is emitted to the atmosphere from natural
and human sources is deposited in the ocean
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9#ref-CR2> 2, where some is
converted by microorganisms to MeHg. In predatory fish, environmental MeHg
concentrations are amplified by a million times or more. Human exposure to
MeHg has been associated with long-term neurocognitive deficits in children
that persist into adulthood, with global costs to society that exceed US$20
billion <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9#ref-CR3> 3. The
first global treaty on reductions in anthropogenic Hg emissions (the
Minamata Convention on Mercury) entered into force in 2017. However, effects
of ongoing changes in marine ecosystems on bioaccumulation of MeHg in marine
predators that are frequently consumed by humans (for example, tuna, cod and
swordfish) have not been considered when setting global policy targets. Here
we use more than 30 years of data and ecosystem modelling to show that MeHg
concentrations in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) increased by up to 23% between
the 1970s and 2000s as a result of dietary shifts initiated by overfishing.
Our model also predicts an estimated 56% increase in tissue MeHg
concentrations in Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) due to increases
in seawater temperature between a low point in 1969 and recent peak
levels-which is consistent with 2017 observations. This estimated increase
in tissue MeHg exceeds the modelled 22% reduction that was achieved in the
late 1990s and 2000s as a result of decreased seawater MeHg concentrations.
The recently reported plateau in global anthropogenic Hg emissions
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1468-9#ref-CR4> 4 suggests that
ocean warming and fisheries management programmes will be major drivers of
future MeHg concentrations in marine predators.

 



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