[OANNES Foro] Vertical migrations of fish schools determine overlap with a mobile tidal stream marine renewable energy device

[Mario Cabrejos]

Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 57, No. 4, April 2020

First published: 26 February 2020

 <https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13582>
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13582

Vertical migrations of fish schools determine overlap with a mobile tidal
stream marine renewable energy device

 
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Whitton%2C+Timothy+A> Timothy A. Whitton
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Jackson%2C+Suzanna+E> Suzanna E. Jackson
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Hiddink%2C+Jan+G> Jan G. Hiddink
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Scoulding%2C+Ben> Ben Scoulding
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Bowers%2C+David> David Bowers
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Powell%2C+Ben> Ben Powell
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=D%27Urban+Jackson%2C+Tim> Tim D'Urban Jackson
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Gimenez%2C+Luis> Luis Gimenez
<https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorSt
ored=Davies%2C+Alan+G> Alan G. Davies 

Abstract

1.	Large increases in the generation of electricity using marine
renewable energy (MRE) are planned, and assessment of the environmental
impacts of novel MRE devices, such as kites, are urgently needed. A first
step in this assessment is to quantify overlap in space and time between MRE
devices and prey species of top predators such as small pelagic fish.
2.	Here, we quantify how the distribution of fish schools overlaps with
the operational depth (20¨C60 m) and tidal current speeds (¡Ý1.2¨C2.4 m/s)
used by tidal kites, and the physical processes driving overlap.
3.	Fish schools undertake diel vertical migrations driven by the depth
of light penetration into the water column, controlled by the supply of
solar radiation and water column light absorption and scattering, which in
turn depends on the cross©\sectional area of suspended particulate matter
(SPM). Fish schools were found shallower in the morning and evening and
deeper in the middle of the day when solar radiation is greatest, with the
deepest depths reached during predictable bimonthly periods of lower current
speeds and lower cross©\sectional area of SPM.
4.	Potential kite operations overlap with fish schools for a mean of 5%
of the time that schools are present (maximum for a day is 36%). This
represents a mean of 6% of the potential kite operating time (maximum for a
day is 44%). These were both highest during a new moon spring tide and
transitions between neap and spring tides.
5.	Synthesis and applications. Overlap of fish school depth
distribution with tidal kite operation is reasonably predictable, and so the
timing of operations could be adapted to avoid potential negative
interactions. If all interaction between fish schools was to be avoided, the
loss of operational time for tidal kites would be 6%. This information could
also be used in planning the operating depths of marine renewable energy
(MRE) devices to avoid or minimize overlap with fish schools and their
predators by developers, and for environmental licencing and management
authorities to gauge potential ecological impacts of different MRE device
designs and operating characteristics. 

 



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