[OANNES Foro] publicaciones recientes de cientificos de IMARPE en SCIENCE

[Raul Sanchez Scaglioni]

Estimados,
 
Science (una de las revistas cientificas mas importantes del mundo) acaba de publicar 2 articulos en los que son coautores cientificos peruanos del Instituto del Mar del Peru.
 
Published Online 21 July 2011
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1209395 
 
Impacts of Fishing Low–Trophic Level Species on Marine Ecosystems
	1. Anthony D.M. Smith1, 
	2. Christopher J. Brown2,3, 
	3. Catherine M. Bulman1, 
	4. Elizabeth A. Fulton1, 
	5. Penny Johnson1, 
	6. Isaac C. Kaplan4, 
	7. Hector Lozano-Montes5, 
	8. Steven Mackinson6, 
	9. Martin Marzloff1,7, 
	10. Lynne J. Shannon8, 
	11. Yunne-Jai Shin8,9, 
	12. Jorge Tam10
- Author Affiliations
	1. 1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Wealth from Oceans Flagship, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. 
	2. 2School of Biological Sciences, The Ecology Centre, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. 
	3. 3Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Climate Adaptations Flagship, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia. 
	4. 4National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98112, USA. 
	5. 5Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Wealth from Oceans Flagship, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia. 
	6. 6Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, UK. 
	7. 7Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS 7005, Australia. 
	8. 8University of Cape Town, Marine Research (MA-RE) Institute and Department of Zoology, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. 
	9. 9Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR EME 212 Ecosystèmes Marins Exploités, 34203 Sète, France. 
	10. 10Instituto del Mar del Perú, Esquina Gamarra y General Valle s/n, Callao, Perú. 
Abstract
Low–trophic level species account for over 30% of global fisheries production and contribute significantly to global food security. Here, we use a range of ecosystem models to explore the effects of fishing low–trophic level species on marine ecosystems, including marine mammals and seabirds, and on other commercially important species. In five well-studied ecosystems, we find that fishing these species at conventional maximum sustainable yield (MSY) levels can have large impacts on other parts of the ecosystem, particularly when they constitute a high proportion of the biomass in the ecosystem or are highly connected in the food web. Halving exploitation rates would result in much lower impacts on marine ecosystems, while still achieving 80% of MSY. 
 
 
Science15 July 2011: 
Vol. 333 no. 6040 pp. 291-292 
DOI: 10.1126/science.1208730 
 
High Value and Long Life—Double Jeopardy for Tunas and Billfishes
	1. B. B. Collette1,*, 
	2. K. E. Carpenter2,3, 
	3. B. A. Polidoro2,3, 
	4. M. J. Juan-Jordá4,5, 
	5. A. Boustany6, 
	6. D. J. Die7, 
	7. C. Elfes8, 
	8. W. Fox9, 
	9. J. Graves10, 
	10. L. R. Harrison11,12, 
	11. R. McManus14, 
	12. C. V. Minte-Vera15, 
	13. R. Nelson16, 
	14. V. Restrepo17, 
	15. J. Schratwieser18, 
	16. C.-L. Sun19, 
	17. A. Amorim20, 
	18. M. Brick Peres21, 
	19. C. Canales22, 
	20. G. Cardenas23, 
	21. S.-K. Chang24, 
	22. W.-C. Chiang25,26, 
	23. N. de Oliveira Leite Jr.21, 
	24. H. Harwell2,3, 
	25. R. Lessa27, 
	26. F. L. Fredou27, 
	27. H. A. Oxenford28, 
	28. R. Serra22, 
	29. K.-T. Shao29, 
	30. R. Sumaila30, 
	31. S.-P. Wang31, 
	32. R. Watson30, 
	33. E. Yáñez32
- Author Affiliations
	1. 1National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA. 
	2. 2International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Global Species Programme, Switzerland. 
	3. 3Old Dominion University, USA. 
	4. 4Universidad de A Coruña, Spain. 
	5. 5AZTI Fundazioa, Spain. 
	6. 6Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, USA. 
	7. 7University of Miami, USA. 
	8. 8Conservation International, USA. 
	9. 9World Wildlife Fund, USA. 
	10. 10Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, USA. 
	11. 11IUCN Species Survival Commission's Shark Specialist Group, Canada. 
	12. 12Simon Fraser University, Canada. 
	13. 13IUCN Species Survival Commission, Switzerland. 
	14. 14Perry Institute of Marine Science, USA. 
	15. 15Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil. 
	16. 16Nelson Resources Consulting, Inc., USA. 
	17. 17International Seafood Sustainability Foundation, USA. 
	18. 18International Game Fish Association, USA. 
	19. 19National Taiwan University, Taiwan. 
	20. 20Instituto de Pesca, Brazil. 
	21. 21Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação de Biodiversidade, Brazil. 
	22. 22Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Chile. 
	23. 23Instituto del Mar del Peru, Peru. 
	24. 24National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan. 
	25. 25Fisheries Research Institute, Taiwan. 
	26. 26Eastern Marine Biology Research Center, Taiwan. 
	27. 27Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil. 
	28. 28Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, University of the West Indies, Barbados. 
	29. 29Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. 
	30. 30The University of British Columbia, Canada. 
	31. 31National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan. 
	32. 32Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. 
	1. ↵*[For complete addresses, see supporting online material.] Author for correspondence. E-mail: collettb en si.edu
Summary
There is growing concern that in spite of the healthy status of several epipelagic (living near the surface) fish stocks (1), some scombrid (tunas, bonitos, mackerels, and Spanish mackerels) and billfish (swordfish and marlins) species are heavily overfished and that there is a lack of resolve to protect against overexploitation driven by high prices (2–5). Many populations are exploited by multinational fisheries whose regulation, from a political perspective, is exceedingly difficult. Thus, assessment and management is complicated and sometimes ineffective (4). Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs) were created to manage and conserve scombrids and billfishes because of their transnational distributions and widespread economic importance (6). However, species-specific catch data for many scombrids and billfishes are not collected or are aggregated with other species. Even for the larger tunas, for which relatively rich data exist,
 population assessments and data are complex (1) and are difficult to combine across RFMOs, which prompts a need for alternative means of assessment. 
 
 
Saludos,
 
Raul Sanchez Scaglioni
Ambiente, infraestructura y desarrollo
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