[OANNES Foro] Light organ photosensitivity in deep-sea shrimp may suggest a novel role in counterillumination

[Mario Cabrejos]

 <https://www.nature.com/srep> Scientific Reports volume 10, Article number:
4485 (2020) 

 <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#article-info>
Published: 11 March 2020

Light organ photosensitivity in deep-sea shrimp may suggest a novel role in
counterillumination

 <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-1> Heather D.
Bracken-Grissom,
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-2> Danielle M.
DeLeo,  <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-3> Megan L.
Porter,  <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-4> Tom
Iwanicki,  <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-5> Jamie
Sickles &  <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61284-9#auth-6>
Tamara M. Frank 

Abstract

Extraocular photoreception, the ability to detect and respond to light
outside of the eye, has not been previously described in deep-sea
invertebrates. Here, we investigate photosensitivity in the bioluminescent
light organs (photophores) of deep-sea shrimp, an autogenic system in which
the organism possesses the substrates and enzymes to produce light. Through
the integration of transcriptomics, in situ hybridization and
immunohistochemistry we find evidence for the expression of opsins and
phototransduction genes known to play a role in light detection in most
animals. Subsequent shipboard light exposure experiments showed
ultrastructural changes in the photophore similar to those seen in
crustacean eyes, providing further evidence that photophores are light
sensitive. In many deep-sea species, it has long been documented that
photophores emit light to aid in counterillumination - a dynamic form of
camouflage that requires adjusting the organ's light intensity to "hide"
their silhouettes from predators below. However, it remains a mystery how
animals fine-tune their photophore luminescence to match the intensity of
downwelling light. Photophore photosensitivity allows us to reconsider the
organ's role in counterillumination - not only in light emission but also
light detection and regulation.

 



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